Jednoduché API ve frameworku Slim 4 – č. 8 Přidáme si do datbáze produkty

20.11.2024 MaMusha Comments 0 Comment

Tento článek je 8 z 9 v seriálu Jednoduché API ve frameworku Slim 4

Aby naše API nebylo tak chudé doplníme si je o nové endpointy pro produkty. Nejprve si ale ještě provedeme malý refaktoring. Co se mi na API nelíbí je definice roue v hlahním souboru. Routu bude asi přibývat a líbili by se mi, kdyby byl v nějakém samostatném souboru. Takže si vytvoříme v adresáři vytvoříme soubor routes.php a do něj přesume všechny routy z hlavního index.php

<?php

use App\Controllers\UserController;
use Slim\App;

return function (App $app) {
    $app->get('/api/users', [UserController::class, 'getAll']);
    $app->get('/api/users/{id}', [UserController::class, 'getOne']);
    $app->post('/api/users', [UserController::class, 'create']);
    $app->put('/api/users/{id}', [UserController::class, 'update']);
    $app->delete('/api/users/{id}', [UserController::class, 'delete']);
};

<?php

use App\Controllers\UserController;

use Slim\App;

return function (App $app) {

$app->get('/api/users', [UserController::class, 'getAll']);

$app->get('/api/users/{id}', [UserController::class, 'getOne']);

$app->post('/api/users', [UserController::class, 'create']);

$app->put('/api/users/{id}', [UserController::class, 'update']);

$app->delete('/api/users/{id}', [UserController::class, 'delete']);

};

a v hlavním souboru pak místo původně vložených rout vložíme náš nově vytvořený soubor

// Routes
$routes = require __DIR__ . '/../config/routes.php';
$routes($app);

// Routes

$routes = require __DIR__ . '/../config/routes.php';

$routes($app);

Samozřejmě otestujem zda vše funguje jak má.

Budeme si přidávat další endpointy a když se podívám do UserControlleru máme tam funkci jsonResponse, kterou budeme chtít použít i v jiných controlerech. Takže pojďme ji nějak extrahovat. V naší aplikaci si vytvoříme nový adresář Traits, jak už asi tušíme vyřešíme tento problém použitím traitu.

<?php

namespace App\Traits;

use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface as Response;

trait JsonResponseTrait
{
    protected function jsonResponse(Response $response, mixed $data, int $status = 200): Response
    {
        $response->getBody()->write(json_encode($data, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR));
        return $response
            ->withHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json')
            ->withStatus($status);
    }

    protected function successResponse(Response $response, mixed $data = null, int $status = 200): Response
    {
        return $this->jsonResponse($response, [
            'success' => true,
            'data' => $data
        ], $status);
    }

    protected function errorResponse(Response $response, string|array $error, int $status = 400): Response
    {
        $errorData = is_string($error) ? ['message' => $error] : $error;

        return $this->jsonResponse($response, [
            'success' => false,
            'error' => $errorData
        ], $status);
    }
}

<?php

namespace App\Traits;

use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface as Response;

trait JsonResponseTrait

{

protected function jsonResponse(Response $response, mixed $data, int $status = 200): Response

{

$response->getBody()->write(json_encode($data, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR));

return $response

->withHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json')

->withStatus($status);

}

protected function successResponse(Response $response, mixed $data = null, int $status = 200): Response

{

return $this->jsonResponse($response, [

'success' => true,

'data' => $data

], $status);

}

protected function errorResponse(Response $response, string|array $error, int $status = 400): Response

{

$errorData = is_string($error) ? ['message' => $error] : $error;

return $this->jsonResponse($response, [

'success' => false,

'error' => $errorData

], $status);

}

a samozřejmě upravíme UserController takže vypustíme funkci jsonResponse a přidáme náš trait. Takže dalírefaktroing máme za sebou a jdeme na přidání nového controlleru. V naší aplikaci budou mít jednotlivý uživatelé přiřazeny produkty, takže si nejprve do databáze přidáme tabulku pro produkty

CREATE TABLE products (
                          id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
                          name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
                          description TEXT,
                          price DECIMAL(10, 2) NOT NULL,
                          created_at DATETIME NOT NULL,
                          updated_at DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);

CREATE TABLE products (

id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,

name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,

description TEXT,

price DECIMAL(10, 2) NOT NULL,

created_at DATETIME NOT NULL,

updated_at DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP

);

No a nyní si vytvoříme pro ně vytvoříme endpointy Vytvoříme ProductController

<?php

namespace App\Controllers;

use App\Models\Product;
use App\Repositories\ProductRepository;
use App\Validators\ProductValidator;
use App\Traits\JsonResponseTrait;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface as Response;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface as Request;

class ProductController
{
    use JsonResponseTrait;

    private ProductRepository $productRepository;
    private ProductValidator $validator;

    public function __construct(
        ProductRepository $productRepository,
        ProductValidator $validator
    ) {
        $this->productRepository = $productRepository;
        $this->validator = $validator;
    }

    public function getAll(Request $request, Response $response): Response
    {
        $products = $this->productRepository->findAll();
        $productsArray = array_map(fn(Product $product) => $product->toArray(), $products);

        return $this->jsonResponse($response, $productsArray);
    }

    public function getOne(Request $request, Response $response, array $args): Response
    {
        $product = $this->productRepository->findById((int)$args['id']);

        if (!$product) {
            return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Produkt nenalezen', 404);
        }

        return $this->jsonResponse($response, $product->toArray());
    }

    public function create(Request $request, Response $response): Response
    {
        $data = $request->getParsedBody();

        // Validace
        $errors = $this->validator->validateCreate($data);
        if (!empty($errors)) {
            return $this->errorResponse($response, [
                'message' => 'Neplatná data',
                'errors' => $errors
            ], 400);
        }

        try {
            $product = Product::fromArray($data);
            $newProduct = $this->productRepository->create($product);

            return $this->successResponse($response, $newProduct->toArray(), 201);
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Chyba při vytváření produktu', 500);
        }
    }

    public function update(Request $request, Response $response, array $args): Response
    {
        $id = (int)$args['id'];
        if (!$this->productRepository->exists($id)) {
            return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Produkt nenalezen', 404);
        }

        $data = $request->getParsedBody();

        if (empty($data)) {
            return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Žádná data k aktualizaci', 400);
        }

        // Validace
        $errors = $this->validator->validateUpdate($data);
        if (!empty($errors)) {
            return $this->errorResponse($response, [
                'message' => 'Neplatná data',
                'errors' => $errors
            ], 400);
        }

        try {
            $updatedProduct = $this->productRepository->update($id, $data);
            return $this->successResponse($response, $updatedProduct->toArray());
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Chyba při aktualizaci produktu', 500);
        }
    }

    public function delete(Request $request, Response $response, array $args): Response
    {
        $id = (int)$args['id'];
        if (!$this->productRepository->exists($id)) {
            return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Produkt nenalezen', 404);
        }

        try {
            $this->productRepository->delete($id);
            return $this->successResponse($response, ['message' => 'Produkt byl úspěšně smazán']);
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Chyba při mazání produktu', 500);
        }
    }
}

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<?php

namespace App\Controllers;

use App\Models\Product;

use App\Repositories\ProductRepository;

use App\Validators\ProductValidator;

use App\Traits\JsonResponseTrait;

use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface as Response;

use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface as Request;

class ProductController

{

use JsonResponseTrait;

private ProductRepository $productRepository;

private ProductValidator $validator;

public function __construct(

ProductRepository $productRepository,

ProductValidator $validator

) {

$this->productRepository = $productRepository;

$this->validator = $validator;

}

public function getAll(Request $request, Response $response): Response

{

$products = $this->productRepository->findAll();

$productsArray = array_map(fn(Product $product) => $product->toArray(), $products);

return $this->jsonResponse($response, $productsArray);

}

public function getOne(Request $request, Response $response, array $args): Response

{

$product = $this->productRepository->findById((int)$args['id']);

if (!$product) {

return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Produkt nenalezen', 404);

}

return $this->jsonResponse($response, $product->toArray());

}

public function create(Request $request, Response $response): Response

{

$data = $request->getParsedBody();

// Validace

$errors = $this->validator->validateCreate($data);

if (!empty($errors)) {

return $this->errorResponse($response, [

'message' => 'Neplatná data',

'errors' => $errors

], 400);

}

try {

$product = Product::fromArray($data);

$newProduct = $this->productRepository->create($product);

return $this->successResponse($response, $newProduct->toArray(), 201);

} catch (\Exception $e) {

return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Chyba při vytváření produktu', 500);

}

public function update(Request $request, Response $response, array $args): Response

{

$id = (int)$args['id'];

if (!$this->productRepository->exists($id)) {

return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Produkt nenalezen', 404);

}

$data = $request->getParsedBody();

if (empty($data)) {

return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Žádná data k aktualizaci', 400);

}

// Validace

$errors = $this->validator->validateUpdate($data);

if (!empty($errors)) {

return $this->errorResponse($response, [

'message' => 'Neplatná data',

'errors' => $errors

], 400);

}

try {

$updatedProduct = $this->productRepository->update($id, $data);

return $this->successResponse($response, $updatedProduct->toArray());

} catch (\Exception $e) {

return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Chyba při aktualizaci produktu', 500);

}

public function delete(Request $request, Response $response, array $args): Response

{

$id = (int)$args['id'];

if (!$this->productRepository->exists($id)) {

return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Produkt nenalezen', 404);

}

try {

$this->productRepository->delete($id);

return $this->successResponse($response, ['message' => 'Produkt byl úspěšně smazán']);

} catch (\Exception $e) {

return $this->errorResponse($response, 'Chyba při mazání produktu', 500);

}

a podobně jako u uživatelů ještě musíme přidat repository a model

<?php

namespace App\Repositories;

use App\Models\Product;
use PDO;

class ProductRepository
{
    private PDO $db;

    public function __construct(PDO $db)
    {
        $this->db = $db;
    }

    public function findAll(): array
    {
        $stmt = $this->db->query('SELECT * FROM products ORDER BY created_at DESC');
        $products = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

        return array_map(function ($product) {
            return Product::fromArray($product);
        }, $products);
    }

    public function findById(int $id): ?Product
    {
        $stmt = $this->db->prepare('SELECT * FROM products WHERE id = :id');
        $stmt->execute(['id' => $id]);
        $product = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

        return $product ? Product::fromArray($product) : null;
    }

    public function create(Product $product): Product
    {
        $stmt = $this->db->prepare('
            INSERT INTO products (name, description, price, created_at) 
            VALUES (:name, :description, :price, NOW())
        ');

        $stmt->execute([
            'name' => $product->getName(),
            'description' => $product->getDescription(),
            'price' => $product->getPrice(),
        ]);

        return $this->findById((int)$this->db->lastInsertId());
    }

    public function update(int $id, array $data): ?Product
    {
        $currentProduct = $this->findById($id);

        if (!$currentProduct) {
            return null;
        }

        $updates = [];
        $params = ['id' => $id];

        if (isset($data['name'])) {
            $updates[] = 'name = :name';
            $params['name'] = $data['name'];
        }
        if (array_key_exists('description', $data)) {
            $updates[] = 'description = :description';
            $params['description'] = $data['description'];
        }
        if (isset($data['price'])) {
            $updates[] = 'price = :price';
            $params['price'] = $data['price'];
        }

        if (empty($updates)) {
            return $currentProduct;
        }

        $sql = 'UPDATE products SET ' . implode(', ', $updates) . ' WHERE id = :id';
        $stmt = $this->db->prepare($sql);
        $stmt->execute($params);

        return $this->findById($id);
    }

    public function delete(int $id): bool
    {
        $stmt = $this->db->prepare('DELETE FROM products WHERE id = :id');
        $stmt->execute(['id' => $id]);

        return $stmt->rowCount() > 0;
    }

    public function exists(int $id): bool
    {
        $stmt = $this->db->prepare('SELECT 1 FROM products WHERE id = :id');
        $stmt->execute(['id' => $id]);

        return (bool)$stmt->fetch();
    }
}

100

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<?php

namespace App\Repositories;

use App\Models\Product;

use PDO;

class ProductRepository

{

private PDO $db;

public function __construct(PDO $db)

{

$this->db = $db;

}

public function findAll(): array

{

$stmt = $this->db->query('SELECT * FROM products ORDER BY created_at DESC');

$products = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

return array_map(function ($product) {

return Product::fromArray($product);

}, $products);

}

public function findById(int $id): ?Product

{

$stmt = $this->db->prepare('SELECT * FROM products WHERE id = :id');

$stmt->execute(['id' => $id]);

$product = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

return $product ? Product::fromArray($product) : null;

}

public function create(Product $product): Product

{

$stmt = $this->db->prepare('

INSERT INTO products (name, description, price, created_at)

VALUES (:name, :description, :price, NOW())

');

$stmt->execute([

'name' => $product->getName(),

'description' => $product->getDescription(),

'price' => $product->getPrice(),

]);

return $this->findById((int)$this->db->lastInsertId());

}

public function update(int $id, array $data): ?Product

{

$currentProduct = $this->findById($id);

if (!$currentProduct) {

return null;

}

$updates = [];

$params = ['id' => $id];

if (isset($data['name'])) {

$updates[] = 'name = :name';

$params['name'] = $data['name'];

}

if (array_key_exists('description', $data)) {

$updates[] = 'description = :description';

$params['description'] = $data['description'];

}

if (isset($data['price'])) {

$updates[] = 'price = :price';

$params['price'] = $data['price'];

}

if (empty($updates)) {

return $currentProduct;

}

$sql = 'UPDATE products SET ' . implode(', ', $updates) . ' WHERE id = :id';

$stmt = $this->db->prepare($sql);

$stmt->execute($params);

return $this->findById($id);

}

public function delete(int $id): bool

{

$stmt = $this->db->prepare('DELETE FROM products WHERE id = :id');

$stmt->execute(['id' => $id]);

return $stmt->rowCount() > 0;

}

public function exists(int $id): bool

{

$stmt = $this->db->prepare('SELECT 1 FROM products WHERE id = :id');

$stmt->execute(['id' => $id]);

return (bool)$stmt->fetch();

}

<?php

namespace App\Models;

class Product
{
    private ?int $id;
    private string $name;
    private ?string $description;
    private float $price;
    private string $created_at;
    private ?string $updated_at;

    public function __construct(
        ?int $id = null,
        string $name = '',
        ?string $description = null,
        float $price = 0.0,
        string $created_at = '',
        ?string $updated_at = null
    ) {
        $this->id = $id;
        $this->name = $name;
        $this->description = $description;
        $this->price = $price;
        $this->created_at = $created_at;
        $this->updated_at = $updated_at;
    }

    // Gettery
    public function getId(): ?int
    {
        return $this->id;
    }

    public function getName(): string
    {
        return $this->name;
    }

    public function getDescription(): ?string
    {
        return $this->description;
    }

    public function getPrice(): float
    {
        return $this->price;
    }

    public function getCreatedAt(): string
    {
        return $this->created_at;
    }

    public function getUpdatedAt(): ?string
    {
        return $this->updated_at;
    }

    // Settery
    public function setName(string $name): void
    {
        $this->name = $name;
    }

    public function setDescription(?string $description): void
    {
        $this->description = $description;
    }

    public function setPrice(float $price): void
    {
        $this->price = $price;
    }

    public function toArray(): array
    {
        return [
            'id' => $this->id,
            'name' => $this->name,
            'description' => $this->description,
            'price' => $this->price,
            'created_at' => $this->created_at,
            'updated_at' => $this->updated_at
        ];
    }

    public static function fromArray(array $data): self
    {
        return new self(
            $data['id'] ?? null,
            $data['name'] ?? '',
            $data['description'] ?? null,
            (float)($data['price'] ?? 0),
            $data['created_at'] ?? date('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
            $data['updated_at'] ?? null
        );
    }
}

100

<?php

namespace App\Models;

class Product

{

private ?int $id;

private string $name;

private ?string $description;

private float $price;

private string $created_at;

private ?string $updated_at;

public function __construct(

?int $id = null,

string $name = '',

?string $description = null,

float $price = 0.0,

string $created_at = '',

?string $updated_at = null

) {

$this->id = $id;

$this->name = $name;

$this->description = $description;

$this->price = $price;

$this->created_at = $created_at;

$this->updated_at = $updated_at;

}

// Gettery

public function getId(): ?int

{

return $this->id;

}

public function getName(): string

{

return $this->name;

}

public function getDescription(): ?string

{

return $this->description;

}

public function getPrice(): float

{

return $this->price;

}

public function getCreatedAt(): string

{

return $this->created_at;

}

public function getUpdatedAt(): ?string

{

return $this->updated_at;

}

// Settery

public function setName(string $name): void

{

$this->name = $name;

}

public function setDescription(?string $description): void

{

$this->description = $description;

}

public function setPrice(float $price): void

{

$this->price = $price;

}

public function toArray(): array

{

return [

'id' => $this->id,

'name' => $this->name,

'description' => $this->description,

'price' => $this->price,

'created_at' => $this->created_at,

'updated_at' => $this->updated_at

];

}

public static function fromArray(array $data): self

{

return new self(

$data['id'] ?? null,

$data['name'] ?? '',

$data['description'] ?? null,

(float)($data['price'] ?? 0),

$data['created_at'] ?? date('Y-m-d H:i:s'),

$data['updated_at'] ?? null

);

}

a ještě přidáme validaci dat

<?php

namespace App\Validators;

class ProductValidator
{
    public function validateCreate(array $data): array
    {
        $errors = [];

        if (empty($data['name'])) {
            $errors['name'] = 'Název produktu je povinný';
        } elseif (strlen($data['name']) > 255) {
            $errors['name'] = 'Název produktu nemůže být delší než 255 znaků';
        }

        if (!isset($data['price'])) {
            $errors['price'] = 'Cena je povinná';
        } elseif (!is_numeric($data['price'])) {
            $errors['price'] = 'Cena musí být číslo';
        } elseif ($data['price'] < 0) {
            $errors['price'] = 'Cena nemůže být záporná';
        }

        if (isset($data['description']) && strlen($data['description']) > 1000) {
            $errors['description'] = 'Popis nemůže být delší než 1000 znaků';
        }

        return $errors;
    }

    public function validateUpdate(array $data): array
    {
        $errors = [];

        if (isset($data['name'])) {
            if (empty($data['name'])) {
                $errors['name'] = 'Název produktu nemůže být prázdný';
            } elseif (strlen($data['name']) > 255) {
                $errors['name'] = 'Název produktu nemůže být delší než 255 znaků';
            }
        }

        if (isset($data['price'])) {
            if (!is_numeric($data['price'])) {
                $errors['price'] = 'Cena musí být číslo';
            } elseif ($data['price'] < 0) {
                $errors['price'] = 'Cena nemůže být záporná';
            }
        }

        if (isset($data['description']) && strlen($data['description']) > 1000) {
            $errors['description'] = 'Popis nemůže být delší než 1000 znaků';
        }

        return $errors;
    }
}

<?php

namespace App\Validators;

class ProductValidator

{

public function validateCreate(array $data): array

{

$errors = [];

if (empty($data['name'])) {

$errors['name'] = 'Název produktu je povinný';

} elseif (strlen($data['name']) > 255) {

$errors['name'] = 'Název produktu nemůže být delší než 255 znaků';

}

if (!isset($data['price'])) {

$errors['price'] = 'Cena je povinná';

} elseif (!is_numeric($data['price'])) {

$errors['price'] = 'Cena musí být číslo';

} elseif ($data['price'] < 0) {

$errors['price'] = 'Cena nemůže být záporná';

}

if (isset($data['description']) && strlen($data['description']) > 1000) {

$errors['description'] = 'Popis nemůže být delší než 1000 znaků';

}

return $errors;

}

public function validateUpdate(array $data): array

{

$errors = [];

if (isset($data['name'])) {

if (empty($data['name'])) {

$errors['name'] = 'Název produktu nemůže být prázdný';

} elseif (strlen($data['name']) > 255) {

$errors['name'] = 'Název produktu nemůže být delší než 255 znaků';

}

if (isset($data['price'])) {

if (!is_numeric($data['price'])) {

$errors['price'] = 'Cena musí být číslo';

} elseif ($data['price'] < 0) {

$errors['price'] = 'Cena nemůže být záporná';

}

if (isset($data['description']) && strlen($data['description']) > 1000) {

$errors['description'] = 'Popis nemůže být delší než 1000 znaků';

}

return $errors;

}

a samozřejmě si pořádně otestujte naše API.

Series Navigation<< Jednoduché API ve frameworku Slim 4 – č. 7 Validace datJednoduché API ve frameworku Slim 4 – č. 9 Přidání zboží uživatelům >>

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co neumím, to se naučím

Jednoduché API ve frameworku Slim 4 – č. 8 Přidáme si do datbáze produkty

20.11.2024 MaMusha Comments 0 Comment

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